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Java Assignment Operators with Examples

Operators constitute the basic building block of any programming language. Java too provides many types of operators which can be used according to the need to perform various calculations and functions, be it logical, arithmetic, relational, etc. They are classified based on the functionality they provide.

Types of Operators:

Arithmetic Operators
Unary Operators
Assignment Operator
Relational Operators
Logical Operators
Ternary Operator
Bitwise Operators
Shift Operators

This article explains all that one needs to know regarding Assignment Operators.

Assignment Operators

These operators are used to assign values to a variable. The left side operand of the assignment operator is a variable, and the right side operand of the assignment operator is a value. The value on the right side must be of the same data type of the operand on the left side. Otherwise, the compiler will raise an error. This means that the assignment operators have right to left associativity, i.e., the value given on the right-hand side of the operator is assigned to the variable on the left. Therefore, the right-hand side value must be declared before using it or should be a constant. The general format of the assignment operator is,

Types of Assignment Operators in Java

The Assignment Operator is generally of two types. They are:

1. Simple Assignment Operator: The Simple Assignment Operator is used with the “=” sign where the left side consists of the operand and the right side consists of a value. The value of the right side must be of the same data type that has been defined on the left side.

2. Compound Assignment Operator: The Compound Operator is used where +,-,*, and / is used along with the = operator.

Let’s look at each of the assignment operators and how they operate:

1. (=) operator:

This is the most straightforward assignment operator, which is used to assign the value on the right to the variable on the left. This is the basic definition of an assignment operator and how it functions.

Syntax:

Example:

2. (+=) operator:

This operator is a compound of ‘+’ and ‘=’ operators. It operates by adding the current value of the variable on the left to the value on the right and then assigning the result to the operand on the left.

Note: The compound assignment operator in Java performs implicit type casting. Let’s consider a scenario where x is an int variable with a value of 5. int x = 5; If you want to add the double value 4.5 to the integer variable x and print its value, there are two methods to achieve this: Method 1: x = x + 4.5 Method 2: x += 4.5 As per the previous example, you might think both of them are equal. But in reality, Method 1 will throw a runtime error stating the “i ncompatible types: possible lossy conversion from double to int “, Method 2 will run without any error and prints 9 as output.

Reason for the Above Calculation

Method 1 will result in a runtime error stating “incompatible types: possible lossy conversion from double to int.” The reason is that the addition of an int and a double results in a double value. Assigning this double value back to the int variable x requires an explicit type casting because it may result in a loss of precision. Without the explicit cast, the compiler throws an error. Method 2 will run without any error and print the value 9 as output. The compound assignment operator += performs an implicit type conversion, also known as an automatic narrowing primitive conversion from double to int . It is equivalent to x = (int) (x + 4.5) , where the result of the addition is explicitly cast to an int . The fractional part of the double value is truncated, and the resulting int value is assigned back to x . It is advisable to use Method 2 ( x += 4.5 ) to avoid runtime errors and to obtain the desired output.

Same automatic narrowing primitive conversion is applicable for other compound assignment operators as well, including -= , *= , /= , and %= .

3. (-=) operator:

This operator is a compound of ‘-‘ and ‘=’ operators. It operates by subtracting the variable’s value on the right from the current value of the variable on the left and then assigning the result to the operand on the left.

4. (*=) operator:

This operator is a compound of ‘*’ and ‘=’ operators. It operates by multiplying the current value of the variable on the left to the value on the right and then assigning the result to the operand on the left.

5. (/=) operator:

This operator is a compound of ‘/’ and ‘=’ operators. It operates by dividing the current value of the variable on the left by the value on the right and then assigning the quotient to the operand on the left.

6. (%=) operator:

This operator is a compound of ‘%’ and ‘=’ operators. It operates by dividing the current value of the variable on the left by the value on the right and then assigning the remainder to the operand on the left.

Variables & DataTypes in Java

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Operators in Java

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Operators constitute the basic building block to any programming language. Java too provides many types of operators which can be used according to the need to perform various calculations and functions, be it logical, arithmetic, relational, etc. They are classified based on the functionality they 6 min read
Operators constitute the basic building block of any programming language. Java too provides many types of operators which can be used according to the need to perform various calculations and functions, be it logical, arithmetic, relational, etc. They are classified based on the functionality they 7 min read
Operators constitute the basic building block to any programming language. Java too provides many types of operators which can be used according to the need to perform various calculations and functions be it logical, arithmetic, relational, etc. They are classified based on the functionality they p 8 min read
Operators constitute the basic building block to any programming language. Java too provides many types of operators which can be used according to the need to perform various calculations and functions, be it logical, arithmetic, relational, etc. They are classified based on the functionality they 10 min read
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Operators constitute the basic building block of any programming language. Java provides many types of operators that can be used according to the need to perform various calculations and functions, be it logical, arithmetic, relational, etc. They are classified based on the functionality they provi 4 min read
Operators constitute the basic building block of any programming language. Java too provides many types of operators which can be used according to the need to perform various calculations and functions, be it logical, arithmetic, relational, etc. They are classified based on the functionality they 6 min read

Packages in Java

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Loops in Java

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Jump Statements in Java

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Strings in Java

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OOPS in Java

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Inheritance & Polymorphism in Java

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Method overloading & Overiding

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Interfaces in Java

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Keywords in Java

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Exception Handling in Java

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Collection Framework

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Multi-threading in Java

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Java - Assignment Operators with Examples

Java assignment operators.

Following are the assignment operators supported by Java language −

The following programs are simple examples which demonstrate the assignment operators. Copy and paste the following Java programs as Test.java file, and compile and run the programs −

In this example, we're creating three variables a,b and c and using assignment operators . We've performed simple assignment, addition AND assignment, subtraction AND assignment and multiplication AND assignment operations and printed the results.

In this example, we're creating two variables a and c and using assignment operators . We've performed Divide AND assignment, Multiply AND assignment, Modulus AND assignment, bitwise exclusive OR AND assignment, OR AND assignment operations and printed the results.

In this example, we're creating two variables a and c and using assignment operators . We've performed Left shift AND assignment, Right shift AND assignment, operations and printed the results.

Java Tutorial

Java methods, java classes, java file handling, java how to's, java reference, java examples, java operators.

Operators are used to perform operations on variables and values.

In the example below, we use the + operator to add together two values:

Try it Yourself »

Although the + operator is often used to add together two values, like in the example above, it can also be used to add together a variable and a value, or a variable and another variable:

Java divides the operators into the following groups:

Arithmetic operators
Assignment operators
Comparison operators
Logical operators
Bitwise operators

Arithmetic Operators

Arithmetic operators are used to perform common mathematical operations.

Java Assignment Operators

Assignment operators are used to assign values to variables.

In the example below, we use the assignment operator ( = ) to assign the value 10 to a variable called x :

The addition assignment operator ( += ) adds a value to a variable:

A list of all assignment operators:

Java Comparison Operators

Comparison operators are used to compare two values (or variables). This is important in programming, because it helps us to find answers and make decisions.

The return value of a comparison is either true or false . These values are known as Boolean values , and you will learn more about them in the Booleans and If..Else chapter.

In the following example, we use the greater than operator ( > ) to find out if 5 is greater than 3:

Java Logical Operators

You can also test for true or false values with logical operators.

Logical operators are used to determine the logic between variables or values:

Java Bitwise Operators

Bitwise operators are used to perform binary logic with the bits of an integer or long integer.

Note: The Bitwise examples above use 4-bit unsigned examples, but Java uses 32-bit signed integers and 64-bit signed long integers. Because of this, in Java, ~5 will not return 10. It will return -6. ~00000000000000000000000000000101 will return 11111111111111111111111111111010

In Java, 9 >> 1 will not return 12. It will return 4. 00000000000000000000000000001001 >> 1 will return 00000000000000000000000000000100

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Java Assignment Operators

Java Assignment Operators are used to optionally perform an action with given operands and assign the result back to given variable (left operand).

The syntax of any Assignment Operator with operands is

In this tutorial, we will learn about different Assignment Operators available in Java programming language and go through each of these Assignment Operations in detail, with the help of examples.

Operator Symbol – Example – Description

The following table specifies symbol, example, and description for each of the Assignment Operator in Java.

Simple Assignment

In the following example, we assign a value of 2 to x using Simple Assignment Operator.

Addition Assignment

In the following example, we add 3 to x and assign the result to x using Addition Assignment Operator.

Subtraction Assignment

In the following example, we subtract 3 from x and assign the result to x using Subtraction Assignment Operator.

Multiplication Assignment

In the following example, we multiply 3 to x and assign the result to x using Multiplication Assignment Operator.

Division Assignment

In the following example, we divide x by 3 and assign the quotient to x using Division Assignment Operator.

Remainder Assignment

In the following example, we divide x by 3 and assign the remainder to x using Remainder Assignment Operator.

Bitwise AND Assignment

In the following example, we do bitwise AND operation between x and 3 and assign the result to x using Bitwise AND Assignment Operator.

Bitwise OR Assignment

In the following example, we do bitwise OR operation between x and 3 and assign the result to x using Bitwise OR Assignment Operator.

Bitwise XOR Assignment

In the following example, we do bitwise XOR operation between x and 3 and assign the result to x using Bitwise XOR Assignment Operator.

Left-shift Assignment

In the following example, we left-shift x by 3 places and assign the result to x using Left-shift Assignment Operator.

Right-shift Assignment

In the following example, we right-shift x by 3 places and assign the result to x using Right-shift Assignment Operator.

In this Java Tutorial , we learned what Assignment Operators are, and how to use them in Java programs, with the help of examples.

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Assignment Operator in Java with Example

Assignment operator is one of the simplest and most used operator in java programming language. As the name itself suggests, the assignment operator is used to assign value inside a variable. In java we can divide assignment operator in two types :

Assignment operator or simple assignment operator
Compound assignment operators

What is assignment operator in java

The = operator in java is known as assignment or simple assignment operator. It assigns the value on its right side to the operand(variable) on its left side. For example :

The left-hand side of an assignment operator must be a variable while the right side of it should be a value which can be in the form of a constant value, a variable name, an expression, a method call returning a compatible value or a combination of these.

The value at right side of assignment operator must be compatible with the data type of left side variable, otherwise compiler will throw compilation error. Following are incorrect assignment :

Another important thing about assignment operator is that, it is evaluated from right to left . If there is an expression at right side of assignment operator, it is evaluated first then the resulted value is assigned in left side variable.

Here in statement int x = a + b + c; the expression a + b + c is evaluated first, then the resulted value( 60 ) is assigned into x . Similarly in statement a = b = c , first the value of c which is 30 is assigned into b and then the value of b which is now 30 is assigned into a .

The variable at left side of an assignment operator can also be a non-primitive variable. For example if we have a class MyFirstProgram , we can assign object of MyFirstProgram class using = operator in MyFirstProgram type variable.

Is == an assignment operator ?

No , it's not an assignment operator, it's a relational operator used to compare two values.

Is assignment operator a binary operator

Yes , as it requires two operands.

Assignment operator program in Java

a = 2 b = 2 c = 4 d = 4 e = false

Java compound assignment operators

The assignment operator can be mixed or compound with other operators like addition, subtraction, multiplication etc. We call such assignment operators as compound assignment operator. For example :

Here the statement a += 10; is the short version of a = a + 10; the operator += is basically addition compound assignment operator. Similarly b *= 5; is short version of b = b * 5; the operator *= is multiplication compound assignment operator. The compound assignment can be in more complex form as well, like below :

List of all assignment operators in Java

The table below shows the list of all possible assignment(simple and compound) operators in java. Consider a is an integer variable for this table.

How many assignment operators are there in Java ?

Including simple and compound assignment we have total 12 assignment operators in java as given in above table.

What is shorthand operator in Java ?

Shorthand operators are nothing new they are just a shorter way to write something that is already available in java language. For example the code a += 5 is shorter way to write a = a + 5 , so += is a shorthand operator. In java all the compound assignment operator(given above) and the increment/decrement operators are basically shorthand operators.

Compound assignment operator program in Java

a = 20 b = 80 c = 30 s = 64 s2 = 110 b2 = 15

What is the difference between += and =+ in Java?

An expression a += 1 will result as a = a + 1 while the expression a =+ 1 will result as a = +1 . The correct compound statement is += , not =+ , so do not use the later one.

S02L08 – Assignment operators

September 26, 2024
Course Articles , Java Articles

Assignment Operators in Java

Introduction.

Assignment operators are fundamental in Java for assigning values to variables. Beyond the basic = operator, Java provides several compound assignment operators that simplify coding tasks. This article will cover the different types of assignment operators, their syntax, and practical use cases with examples from the project file. Mastering assignment operators is essential for writing clean, concise, and efficient code.

What Are Assignment Operators?

Assignment operators in Java are used to assign values to variables. The most common assignment operator is the simple assignment = operator, which assigns the value on its right side to the variable on its left. Java also supports several compound assignment operators, which perform an operation and an assignment in one step.

Types of Assignment Operators

+= (Addition assignment)
-= (Subtraction assignment)
*= (Multiplication assignment)
/= (Division assignment)
%= (Modulus assignment)
&= (Bitwise AND assignment)
|= (Bitwise OR assignment)
^= (Bitwise XOR assignment)
<<= (Left shift assignment)
>>= (Right shift assignment)
>>>= (Unsigned right shift assignment)

Example: Using Assignment Operators

Let’s take a closer look at the usage of various assignment operators in Java through an example from the provided project file.

Code Example: Sample.java

Code explanation.

a = b; assigns the value of b (which is 20) to a .
Output: Value of a after simple assignment: 20
a += 5; adds 5 to a (20 + 5).
Output: Value of a after addition assignment: 25
a -= 2; subtracts 2 from a (25 – 2).
Output: Value of a after subtraction assignment: 23
a *= 3; multiplies a by 3 (23 * 3).
Output: Value of a after multiplication assignment: 69
a /= 4; divides a by 4 (69 / 4).
Output: Value of a after division assignment: 17
a %= 3; calculates a modulo 3 (17 % 3).
Output: Value of a after modulus assignment: 2
a &= 2; performs bitwise AND operation on a (2 & 2).
Output: Value of a after bitwise AND assignment: 2
a |= 1; performs bitwise OR operation on a (2 | 1).
Output: Value of a after bitwise OR assignment: 3
a ^= 2; performs bitwise XOR operation on a (3 ^ 2).
Output: Value of a after bitwise XOR assignment: 1
a <<= 1; shifts the bits of a to the left by 1 position (1 << 1).
Output: Value of a after left shift assignment: 2
a >>= 1; shifts the bits of a to the right by 1 position (2 >> 1).
Output: Value of a after right shift assignment: 1
a >>>= 1; shifts the bits of a to the right by 1 position without considering the sign (1 >>> 1).
Output: Value of a after unsigned right shift assignment: 0

Output of the Code

Key concepts to remember.

Simple Assignment ( = ): Used to assign values directly.
Compound Assignment Operators: Perform an operation and assignment in a single step.
Understanding and using these operators effectively can significantly simplify your code, especially in loops and complex expressions.

Assignment operators in Java are essential for efficient programming. They not only simplify code but also improve readability and performance. Knowing how and when to use these operators is crucial for any Java developer.

S02l09 – string methods in javascript continues.

December 20, 2024

S02L08 – String methods in JavaScript

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Java Assignment Operators with Examples - GeeksforGeeks
Sep 13, 2023 · Types of Assignment Operators in Java. The Assignment Operator is generally of two types. They are: 1. Simple Assignment Operator: The Simple Assignment Operator is used with the “=” sign where the left side consists of the operand and the right side consists of a value. The value of the right side must be of the same data type that has ...
Java - Assignment Operators with Examples
The following programs are simple examples which demonstrate the assignment operators. Copy and paste the following Java programs as Test.java file, and compile and run the programs −. Example 1. In this example, we're creating three variables a,b and c and using assignment operators. We've performed simple assignment, addition AND assignment ...
Types of Assignment Operators in Java - Javatpoint
In the above example, the variable x is assigned the value 10. Addition Assignment Operator (+=) To add a value to a variable and subsequently assign the new value to the same variable, use the addition assignment operator (+=).
All Java Assignment Operators (Explained With Examples)
Below, we have explained each assignment operator in Java with examples. Simple Assignment Operator (=) We’ll start with the most straightforward and simple assignment operator (=), which is used to assign a value of the variable on the right to the variable on the left.
Java Operators - W3Schools
Java Assignment Operators Assignment operators are used to assign values to variables. In the example below, we use the assignment operator ( = ) to assign the value 10 to a variable called x :
Assignment Operators in Java with Examples - BeginnersBook
Oct 15, 2022 · Operator is a symbol that instructs the compiler to perform a specific action. For example, a "+" operator instructs the compiler to perform addition, a ">" operator instructs the compiler to perform comparison, "=" for assignment and so on. The operators in java are classified in eight different categories. In this guide, we will mainly
Java Assignment Operators - Tutorial Kart
In this tutorial, we will learn about different Assignment Operators available in Java programming language and go through each of these Assignment Operations in detail, with the help of examples. Operator Symbol – Example – Description. The following table specifies symbol, example, and description for each of the Assignment Operator in Java.
Java Assignment Operators - w3resource
Aug 19, 2022 · Compound Assignment Operators. Sometime we need to modify the same variable value and reassigned it to a same reference variable. Java allows you to combine assignment and addition operators using a shorthand operator. For example, the preceding statement can be written as: i +=8; //This is same as i = i+8;
Assignment Operator in Java with Example - RefreshJava
Assignment operator is one of the simplest and most used operator in java programming language. As the name itself suggests, the assignment operator is used to assign value inside a variable. In java we can divide assignment operator in two types : Assignment operator or simple assignment operator; Compound assignment operators
S02L08 - Assignment operators - Studyeasy
Sep 26, 2024 · Assignment Operators in Java Introduction Assignment operators are fundamental in Java for assigning values to variables. Beyond the basic = operator, Java provides several compound assignment operators that simplify coding tasks. This article will cover the different types of assignment operators, their syntax, and practical use cases with examples from the project file. Mastering assignment

Java Assignment Operators with Examples

Assignment Operators

Types of Assignment Operators in Java

1. (=) operator:

2. (+=) operator:

Reason for the Above Calculation

3. (-=) operator:

4. (*=) operator:

5. (/=) operator:

6. (%=) operator:

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Assignment Operator in Java with Example