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Small Molecule Organic Semiconductors: Syntheses, Strategies and Applications
Das, Sarasija (2022) Small Molecule Organic Semiconductors: Syntheses, Strategies and Applications. PhD thesis, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata.
This thesis deals with syntheses, strategies and applications of small molecule organic semiconductors, namely azaheterocycle, azapentacene and triphenylene derivatives. We have reported synthesis, characterization and application of an azaheterocycle obtained via FeCl3 mediated unconventional C-N coupling. The neutral azaheterocycle undergoes one-electron reduction to form an air-stable radical anion in situ, which provides added benefit towards operational stability of the device during n-type charge transport. The unusual stability of this radical anion is due to the fact that the fused cyclopentane ring upon reduction forms aromatic cyclopentadienyl anion, and the negative charge delocalizes over the nearly planar azaheterocycle core. The present azaheterocycle can be considered as a mimic of a fullerene fragment, which shows balanced ambipolar charge transport in space charge limited current (SCLC) devices with moderate hole (μh) and electron (μe) mobilities. Next, we have reported synthesis, characterization, and application of a stable 4nπ dihydrotetraazapentacene derivative. The neutral dihydrotetraazapentacene contains a 24π conjugated N-heteroacene core with two phenyl pendants appended thereof. The exceptional stability of this formally antiaromatic π-system is attributed to the fused dihydropyrazine ring which has two ethenamine (enamine) conjugations, and hence the π-electrons delocalize over the nearly planar azapentacene core to endow with global aromatic character. The embedded dihydropyrazine also offers an additional Clar’s sextet with enhanced aromaticity. The present dihydrotetraazapentacene can be considered as a multitasking N-heteroacene, which showed photoresponsive nature under visible light illumination, acidochromism in solution, and p-type charge transport with appreciable hole mobility in space charge limited current (SCLC) device. Finally, we have reported DDQ mediated solvent-free synthesis of 2,6,11-trimethyltriphenylene. We have also synthesized a new star-shaped triphenylene derivative equipped with three triphenylamine groups and explored its hole-transporting ability by means of the space charge limited current (SCLC) method.
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Synthesis of organic materials for optoelectronic applications
Tracey, Frances Mary (2024) Synthesis of organic materials for optoelectronic applications. PhD thesis, University of Glasgow.
Organic electronics have seen a rapid development of research in this area in both academia and industry due to being lighter, more flexible and less expensive than conventional inorganic materials. This thesis describes the synthesis and characterisation of novel organic materials with the aim of optoelectronic applications.
The first chapter provides an introduction to organic semiconductors, focussing on their working principle from both a chemical and physical perspective. This is followed by a discussion on a few recent technologies developed in this field including some exemplar materials.
The second chapter describes the design and synthesis of spiro-OMeTAD based polymers for application in perovskite solar cells. Spiro-OMeTAD is the benchmark hole transporting material for these devices due to its high performance on doping. Preliminary conductivity measurements determine the potential for these polymers to act as additives in perovskite solar cells. One of the polymer materials was incorporated into a device and the key parameters discussed.
In chapter three, the development of green chemistry inspired materials for perovskite solar cells were outlined. Initially, the design and synthesis of several imine-based small molecules were discussed. The optical, electronic and thermal properties are extensively studied. The triphenylamine derivatives were further studied in the later section of this chapter to determine their potential as hole transporting materials in perovskite solar cells.
Two flavin-fused truxenes are presented in chapter four. First, details of the successful synthesis and characterisation of these molecules are discussed before a variety of applications were attempted for these materials including organic light emitting diodes, organic field-effect transistors and sensors.
Finally, the last chapter describes a variety of fluorescent bio-mimetic materials based on either the flavin moiety or green fluorescent protein chromophore. The chapter is separated into two parts to discuss these individually. Flavins are natural redox-active molecules which have good stability and structural versatility. Green fluorescent proteins have been studied due to their good photoluminescence, photostability and sustainable production. Therefore, both have the potential for applications in optoelectronics.
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The work presented in this thesis is motivated by the great commercial impact of or-ganic semiconductors especially in optoelectronics. In particular, we focus our attention on some of the current challenges in organic light-emitting diodes from the point of view of the photophysical properties of materials (i.e. via steady-state and time-resolved
OPTICAL AND ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF ORGANIC SEMICONDUCTORS: EXPERIMENT AND SIMULATION Xialing Chen, PhD University of Pittsburgh, 2015 This dissertation focuses on the charge transport of organic semiconductors, particularly in the presence of traps and defects. Rather than attempting to ultimately pure materials, intentional
Dec 4, 2009 · solution processed organic semiconductor thin-film transistors for flexible electronics: device physics, device modeling, fabrication technology, and interface engineering a dissertation submitted to the department of electrical engineering and the committee on graduate studies of stanford university in partial fulfillment of the requirements
This thesis deals with syntheses, strategies and applications of small molecule organic semiconductors, namely azaheterocycle, azapentacene and triphenylene derivatives. We have reported synthesis, characterization and application of an azaheterocycle obtained via FeCl3 mediated unconventional C-N coupling.
Controlling the Physical Properties of Organic Semiconductors through Siloxane Chemistry and other Organic Electronic Materials Brett A. Kamino Doctor of Philosophy Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry University of Toronto 2013 Abstract Triarylamine type materials with vastly altered physical properties are synthesized by
Composite Stacked Organic Semiconductors: Materials and Processing Towards Large Area Organic Electronics This thesis is submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at Imperial College London presented by LIYANG YU born February 13, 1986 citizen of the People’s Republic of China Supervised by Dr. Natalie Stingelin
In this thesis, the energy level alignment and charge transport process in the host-dopant organic semiconductor are investigated by photoelectron spectroscopy and by analysis of the current-voltage behavior, respectively. First, the energy level alignment of host-dopant organic semiconductors at electrode-organic interface is studied by ...
This thesis describes the synthesis and characterisation of novel conjugated organic materials with optoelectronic application. The first chapter provides an introduction about organic semiconductors and in particular about their working principle from a physical and chemical point of view.
Simulation of charge transport in organic semiconductors Niels Jeltan van der Kaap PhD thesis University of Groningen, The Netherlands Zernike Institute PhD thesis series 2016-26 ISBN 978-90-367-9100-7 (Ebook) ISBN 978-90-367-9101-4 (Printed book) ISSN 1570-1530 This PhD thesis is part of the research programme of the Foundation for Fundamental
This thesis describes the synthesis and characterisation of novel organic materials with the aim of optoelectronic applications. The first chapter provides an introduction to organic semiconductors, focussing on their working principle from both a chemical and physical perspective.