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Background of The Study – Examples and Writing Guide

Table of Contents

The background of the study is an integral part of a research paper, thesis, or dissertation. It provides the context for the research problem, introduces the topic, and highlights the importance of the study. A well-written background offers readers the foundation they need to understand the research’s objectives and significance, bridging the gap between what is already known and what the study aims to explore. This guide outlines the key components of a background of the study, provides step-by-step writing instructions, and offers practical examples to illustrate effective writing.

Background of The Study

The background of the study explains the broader context of the research problem. It provides information on the current state of knowledge, relevant historical developments, gaps in existing research, and the significance of addressing these gaps. This section often precedes the problem statement and serves as a foundation for understanding why the research is necessary.

• To introduce the topic and establish its relevance.
• To summarize existing research and identify knowledge gaps.
• To explain the motivation and rationale behind the study.

Importance of the Background of the Study

• Establishes Context : It situates the research within its broader academic or practical framework.
• Justifies the Research : By highlighting gaps or unresolved issues, it demonstrates why the study is necessary.
• Engages the Reader : A well-written background builds interest and understanding, preparing the reader for the study’s objectives.
• Links to the Research Problem : It transitions smoothly into the problem statement, laying the groundwork for the research questions or hypotheses.

How to Write the Background of the Study

Step 1: understand the research topic.

Before writing, ensure you have a thorough understanding of your topic. Familiarize yourself with key concepts, theories, and previous studies.

Step 2: Identify the Key Elements

A strong background includes the following components:

• Introduction to the Topic : Briefly describe the area of study and its importance.
• Current Knowledge : Summarize what is already known from previous research.
• Knowledge Gaps : Identify limitations or gaps in existing studies.
• Relevance of the Study : Explain why addressing these gaps is significant.

Step 3: Organize the Content

Structure the background logically:

• Start Broadly : Begin with general information about the topic.
• Narrow the Focus : Gradually narrow down to the specific problem your research addresses.
• End with a Rationale : Conclude with a clear statement of why your study is essential.

Step 4: Write Concisely and Clearly

Avoid overly technical language or excessive detail. Your goal is to provide enough context to inform and engage the reader without overwhelming them.

Examples of Background of the Study

Example 1: background of the study in education.

Topic : The Impact of Online Learning on High School Students’ Academic Performance

Background : The rapid advancement of digital technology has significantly transformed the educational landscape. Online learning, once considered a supplementary tool, became a primary mode of instruction during the COVID-19 pandemic. Numerous studies have examined the benefits of online education, including flexibility and accessibility. However, research also highlights challenges, such as reduced student engagement and lack of social interaction. Despite these findings, little is known about how online learning specifically affects academic performance among high school students in underserved communities. Addressing this gap is crucial for designing inclusive and effective online learning strategies.

Example 2: Background of the Study in Healthcare

Topic : The Role of Telemedicine in Managing Chronic Diseases

Background : Chronic diseases, such as diabetes and hypertension, are leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Traditional face-to-face healthcare delivery has proven effective but often fails to address accessibility challenges for patients in rural or underserved areas. Telemedicine has emerged as a promising alternative, enabling remote monitoring and consultation through digital platforms. While previous research highlights the potential of telemedicine to improve patient outcomes, studies often focus on short-term benefits or specific conditions. There is limited evidence on its long-term impact on managing multiple chronic diseases simultaneously. This study aims to fill this gap by exploring the effectiveness of telemedicine in comprehensive chronic disease management.

Example 3: Background of the Study in Environmental Science

Topic : The Effect of Urbanization on Local Biodiversity

Background : Urbanization is a global phenomenon characterized by the conversion of natural landscapes into urban environments. This process has profound implications for local biodiversity, often leading to habitat loss and species decline. Previous studies have documented the adverse effects of urbanization on ecosystems, including reduced species richness and altered ecological dynamics. However, there is a lack of research focusing on small urban centers, where urbanization is occurring at a slower yet significant pace. Understanding how urbanization affects biodiversity in these areas is essential for developing localized conservation strategies. This study seeks to address this gap by examining biodiversity patterns in small urban centers.

Tips for Writing an Effective Background of the Study

• Start Broad, End Specific : Gradually transition from general information about the topic to the specific problem your research addresses.
• Use Credible Sources : Reference peer-reviewed articles, reputable books, and authoritative reports to support your claims.
• Avoid Repetition : Do not repeat content from other sections like the introduction or literature review; keep the background unique and focused.
• Keep It Concise : The background should be clear and succinct, typically ranging from a few paragraphs to a couple of pages, depending on the length of the research.
• Use Logical Flow : Ensure ideas are presented in a coherent order to maintain readability.

Common Mistakes to Avoid

• Being Too Vague : Failing to provide enough detail about the research context can leave readers confused.
• Overloading with Information : Including excessive or irrelevant details may distract readers from the main focus.
• Lack of Focus on Knowledge Gaps : The background should emphasize what is not known to justify the study.
• Relying on Outdated Sources : Ensure your references are recent and relevant to maintain credibility.
• Skipping the Rationale : Always explain why your research is significant and how it contributes to the field.

The background of the study is a crucial part of any research paper, thesis, or dissertation. It provides the necessary context for readers to understand the research problem, highlights existing knowledge, identifies gaps, and justifies the study’s significance. By following the steps and examples outlined in this guide, you can craft a compelling background that lays a strong foundation for your research.

• Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2018). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches (5th ed.). SAGE Publications.
• Machi, L. A., & McEvoy, B. T. (2016). The Literature Review: Six Steps to Success (3rd ed.). Corwin Press.
• Ridley, D. (2012). The Literature Review: A Step-by-Step Guide for Students (2nd ed.). SAGE Publications.
• Booth, W. C., Colomb, G. G., & Williams, J. M. (2016). The Craft of Research (4th ed.). University of Chicago Press.
• Swales, J. M., & Feak, C. B. (2012). Academic Writing for Graduate Students: Essential Tasks and Skills (3rd ed.). University of Michigan Press.

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What is the Background of a Study and How to Write it (with Examples) 

Table of Contents

The background of a study is a critical component of any research paper. It acts as the foundation upon which the entire study is built. The purpose of the background is to provide context and rationale and to clarify the significance of the study. By explaining the importance of the study, the background of the study in research provides an overview of the relevant research and explains how your research will address any knowledge gaps. Did you know that the opening remarks of a research article can influence editorial decision outcomes and readership? A compelling background will encourage a reader to pay close attention to your paper.   

 A well-structured background reflects the author’s grasp of the research topic and the specific study. It should be concise and free of unnecessary details. It is advisable to write the background after completing the other sections of the manuscript, as this allows you to have all relevant information readily available, making it easier to create a thorough introduction to your paper.   

In this article, we will delve into how to write the research background , all about background of the study format and structure, and background of the study examples . You will also learn how to make the background of the study effective and impressive.  

What is the background of a study ?  

A simple answer to the question “ What is the background of a study ?” could be that it is a roadmap that guides readers through the origins of your research journey. More specifically, the background of the study in research refers to the introductory section of a research paper that outlines the context and significance of the research topic. It sets the stage for understanding why the study is necessary and what it aims to achieve. Thus, it is essential for readers to grasp the relevance and implications of the research findings.  

The main components of the study background are a general overview of the research area, clear statement of the problem or question, and review of the relevant literature. The background in research should not exclude relevant theories and concepts, claims and assumptions, historical data, and even controversies, if applicable.  

How is a background different from the introduction?

Now you must be wondering how a background differs from the introduction! In fact, it is common for people to mistakenly view the introduction and the background of a research paper as identical, often using the terms interchangeably . While this confusion is quite understandable, it is crucial to recognize that these two components are fundamentally different and fulfill separate roles within the paper. Table 1 shows the key differences between the background of the study and introduction.  

Table 1. Differentiating between the introduction and background of the study  

Background of the study structure  

Next, let’s take a look at the structure of the background of the study. Format and style of the text may differ depending on the discipline and the journal. However, broadly, the background of the study content is structured as follows:  

• Brief introduction: Provide an introduction and outline of the chronological developments that led to the current topic of research.  
• Literature review: Summarize the highlights of the main developments of the research topic and the main gaps that need to be addressed.  
• In an interdisciplinary study, you may provide a description of how different disciplines are linked .   
• In certain fields (social sciences), you might need to describe the theoretical framework.  
• Study rationale: Justify the study, providing the scope and significance.  
• Study objectives: Explain what the study seeks to accomplish.  
• Hypothesis: Define the research hypothesis.  
• Reiterate the importance: Finally, conclude the background of the study by explaining why this research matters.  

You can see these aspects covered in a research background example in Figure 1. However, to reiterate, the background of the study format need not be exactly as depicted; the length, number of paragraphs, and order can be flexible, depending on the field and study type.  

Figure 1: Fictional example showing background of the study structure 

How to write the background of the study in research papers  

Coming to how to write research background : writing the background of the study involves several steps that ensure clarity and relevance. Here is a stepwise approach:  

Define your research problem

Begin the background of the study by clearly stating the problem your research addresses. This should include:  

• The specific issue or gap in knowledge that prompted your study.
• Why this problem is significant within your field.  

For example: 

“Despite numerous studies on climate change impacts on agriculture, there remains insufficient understanding of how these impacts vary across different socio-economic contexts.”  

Summarize the relevant literature

Summarize relevant literature that pertains to your research problem. Include key findings from previous studies, methodologies used in past research, any controversies or debates within the field, etc.  

Highlight gaps in existing research

Identify specific areas where current literature falls short; note the lack of studies on a specific aspect, methodological weaknesses in previous studies, etc.  

For example:  

“Previous studies have primarily focused on large-scale agricultural operations, neglecting smallholder farmers, who may experience different challenges.”  

State your research objectives

The background of the study structure should include an outline of what your study aims to achieve. This should be directly linked to the gaps identified in your literature review.  

“This study aims to explore how smallholder farmers adapt their practices in response to climate change impacts, providing insights into their resilience strategies.”  

Discuss the significance

Explain why your research is important. This could include potential implications for policy, practice, or further research.  

For example:   “Understanding smallholder adaptations can inform agricultural policies aimed at enhancing resilience among vulnerable populations.”  

Read further to know how to make the background of the study more impressive without the typical mistakes many authors make.  

Tips when writing the background of the study

• Write this section after you have conducted a literature review and identified the research problem and objectives.   
• Make sure you have carefully read and understood the literature. Background in research calls for clear grasp of what is known and what you need to add.  
• Use note-taking apps and be sure to list the source so that you don’t miss citing a study or accidentally mis-reference a study.  
• Ensure that the details presented in the background of the study are presented chronologically and organized clearly.  
• After writing the section, take a step back and look at it after a short break. You might notice issues in flow or logic.  
• Ensure the use of a formal, academic tone in your writing.   
• Follow a consistent style for citations in your background of the study. Format ting should be in line with your target journal.  
• Seek feedback from a peer or mentor.  
• Consider receiving professional editing services to correct and polish background of the study content .  

How to avoid mistakes in writing the background

Here are some pitfalls to avoid in your background of the study content :  

• Don’t be too vague. Ensure clarity by being specific about your topic and its significance.  
• At the same time, avoid overloading the text with information. Unrelated and distracting information is a no-no.  
• Don’t neglect the background of the study structure . Maintain logical flow throughout.   
• Avoid using jargon that may confuse readers rather than making concepts accessible.  

Where does the study background section go in a paper?  

One may consider the background of the study as a contextual “bridge” in a research paper. The background of the study in research is typically the first part of the introduction section. The background of the study content puts the work in context, offering relevant information a reader requires to understand the study rationale.  

In a thesis, the background of the study may form an entire chapter. Meanwhile, t he background of the study in a research proposal might also have a dedicated section within or separate from the introduction.  

Examples for background of a study  

You saw a sample background of the study in Figure 1. To illustrate how to write an effective background, here are some research background examples from different fields, as well as a background of the study in research proposal example.  

 1. Background of the study example: Public health

Background of the study example: Public health

• Research background example : Psychology

Research background example: Psychology

Background of the study in research proposal example

Key takeaways  

The background of a study is an essential component of a research paper. It requires researchers to contextualize their work, justify its significance, and position it within existing knowledge. A well-written background not only enhances the perceived quality of the research but also engages readers’ interest in the study as a whole. Now that you have read about how to write the research background , as well as seen some sample background of the study examples, here is a quick glance at the key points to remember:  

• A well-organized background of a study structure typically includes an introduction, literature review, research gaps, research objectives, and significance.  
• A compelling background can influence editorial decision outcomes and readership.  
• Carefully read and understand the literature. Background in research should convey clearly what is known and what are the gaps.  
• Follow a consistent style for citations in your background of the study ; do not miss citing a study or accidentally mis-reference a study.  
• Ensure an organized background of the study structure . Do not include unrelated and irrelevant information.  
• Be sure to include relevant theories and concepts, claims and assumptions, historical data, and controversies as applicable.  
• If needed, seek editorial assistance to correct and polish background of the study content .  

 Frequently Asked Questions

Why is writing a background of the study necessary , how to create a background of the study that is engaging .

• Frame your background around a central theme that resonates with your research. This narrative approach helps to create a connection with the reader and makes complex information more relatable  
• Offer a brief history of the topic, with milestones or developments that have shaped the current landscape. This context helps readers understand the evolution of the issue.  
• Discuss recent developments relevant to your research problem, such as technological advancements or societal shifts. This keeps the background timely and relevant.  
• Explain how your study addresses these gaps and contributes uniquely to the existing body of knowledge.   

How does the background differ from the introduction in a research paper? 

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How to Write Research Background: Key Points and Case Studies

• 4 minute read

Table of Contents

The background section, typically the first section in any manuscript, identifies the specific problems within the field of study that the current manuscript intends to tackle. It emphasizes the need for further investigation by highlighting unanswered questions or areas requiring additional examination. ¹

As the opening chapter of a paper, the research background plays a crucial role in making a strong initial impression on readers. The research background of different papers may vary in length and content, but outstanding research backgrounds often share a common trait: they provide a detailed explanation of the research topic through clear and concise expression, demonstrating a thorough understanding of the subject and sparking the reader’s interest. Key information related to the research topic should be initially introduced in the research background section. ²  

Having understood the purpose of the background section, we’ve summarized four key points 2, ²  ³  for writing a research background, as well as four common mistakes, applicable to researchers from various academic disciplines. Let’s explore how it should be done!

Four Step Guide to Writing a Research Background  

1. Start by stating the problem    

Begin the background by defining the problem that your research will address. Tell the reader why the problem is worth your attention and is also worth theirs.   

2. Summarize the relevant literature   

After defining the research problem, provide a review of the existing research on the subject. The goal of this exercise is not to simply list relevant studies but to analyze them in the light of your research problem. Try to identify any gaps in the literature, problems with methodology or unreliable findings.   

3. Establish the theoretical framework  

Every good research has sound theoretical foundations. In the background section, it is crucial to identify the core theories or theoretical models that your study is based on. Ensure that you describe the core theory or model in simple terms. If your readers understand the theoretical underpinnings of your research, they will be able to better understand and appreciate your findings.  

4. Define Objectives and Significance  

Having set the stage for your study, it is time to unveil the main research questions or hypotheses. Ensure they are well-defined and align neatly with the key problems you’ve described earlier. Then, explain the research findings and summarize their significance, such as their impact on the academic field, other related fields, and real life.  

Once you have touched upon all the above discussed aspects, sum up the background section with a crisp summary before moving on to the next section.   

Now, after having looked at what a background should have, let’s take a look at four common mistakes that you should avoid while writing the background ²   :  

• Ambiguous or overly technical writing

While writing, don’t leave any of the information open to interpretation. Steer clear of any ambiguity. Strike a balance by avoiding overly technical terms or jargons that may confuse readers. Researchers should consider clarifying complex concepts or terms beforehand to help readers accurately grasp the main research topic.  

• Lack of apparent connection with the research problem

The research problem is the anchor for your background section. The expressed purpose of this section is to set the stage for the research question. If you digress and talk about peripheral issues unconnected with the research problem, you will confuse the reader, and the background will not fulfill its purpose. Stay focused on the research problem.  

• Omitting key studies

The background section should provide a detailed explanation of the research topic. Researchers can use the four steps mentioned above to review their work, avoiding content gaps that could impact the credibility of both the researcher and the paper, or make the arguments seem too subjective or insufficiently informed .  

• Failing to cite research correctly

If you are using a theory or concept that is not yours, make sure you mention its creator. If you have modified a theory or concept, explain how and to what degree. You must cite your sources correctly to avoid being accused of plagiarism.

Example of Research Background  

Having listed the dos and don’ts while writing a background section, let’s look at an example of what a good ‘Background’ section looks like ⁴ , notice how historical and technical information is presented from the most general to more specific in this background.  

Needless to say, the background section of your manuscript is essentially the groundwork for the rest of your manuscript. However, crafting a compelling background for your manuscript doesn’t have to be overwhelming. By following the key approaches outlined above, and avoiding common mistakes, you can craft an effective background that sets a compelling narrative for your study, captures the reader’s interest, and encourages them to dive deeper into your research. Remember, a well-crafted, strong background section can keep your audience hooked till the very end of your paper.  

For more insights on crafting a contextually relevant, crisp, and fitting background for your manuscript, consider reaching out to Elsevier Language Services . Our experts are available to assist you with a range of services tailored to meet your needs and enhance your manuscript. Contact us to learn more about how we can support your research journey.

Type in wordcount for Standard Total: USD EUR JPY Follow this link if your manuscript is longer than 12,000 words. Upload

References:   

• How to Write a Background for a Research Paper- A Research Guide for Students (2023). https://www.aresearchguide.com/write-background-research-paper.html    
• Tips for Writing an Effective Background of the Study (2023). https://www.servicescape.com/blog/tips-for-writing-an-effective-background-of-the-study    
• Asiwe, Jerome Ndudi, et al. “Inhibition of Oxido-Inflammatory and Apoptotic Pathway Is Involved in the Protective Effect of Ginkgo Biloba Supplement in Cyclosporine-A Induced Vascular Dysfunction in Wistar Rat.” Pharmacological Research – Modern Chinese Medicine , vol. 7, 1 June 2023, p. 100252, www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667142523000386 .   
• Inhibition of oxido-inflammatory and apoptotic pathway is involved in the protective effect of Ginkgo biloba supplement in cyclosporine-A induced vascular dysfunction in Wistar rat.  

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What is the Background of the Study and How to Write It

What is the Background of the Study in Research? 

The background of the study is the first section of a research paper and gives context surrounding the research topic. The background explains to the reader where your research journey started, why you got interested in the topic, and how you developed the research question that you will later specify. That means that you first establish the context of the research you did with a general overview of the field or topic and then present the key issues that drove your decision to study the specific problem you chose.

Once the reader understands where you are coming from and why there was indeed a need for the research you are going to present in the following—because there was a gap in the current research, or because there is an obvious problem with a currently used process or technology—you can proceed with the formulation of your research question and summarize how you are going to address it in the rest of your manuscript.

Why is the Background of the Study Important?

No matter how surprising and important the findings of your study are, if you do not provide the reader with the necessary background information and context, they will not be able to understand your reasons for studying the specific problem you chose and why you think your study is relevant. And more importantly, an editor who does not share your enthusiasm for your work (because you did not fill them in on all the important details) will very probably not even consider your manuscript worthy of their and the reviewers’ time and will immediately send it back to you.

To avoid such desk rejections , you need to make sure you pique the reader’s interest and help them understand the contribution of your work to the specific field you study, the more general research community, or the public. Introducing the study background is crucial to setting the scene for your readers.

Table of Contents:

• What is “Background Information” in a Research Paper?
• What Should the Background of a Research Paper Include?
• Where Does the Background Section Go in Your Paper?

Background of the Study Structure

Before writing your study background, it is essential to understand what to include. The following elements should all be included in the background and are presented in greater detail in the next section:

• A general overview of the topic and why it is important (overlaps with establishing the “importance of the topic” in the Introduction)
• The current state of the research on the topic or on related topics in the field
• Controversies about current knowledge or specific past studies that undergird your research methodology
• Any claims or assumptions that have been made by researchers, institutions, or politicians that might need to be clarified
• Methods and techniques used in the study or from which your study deviated in some way

Presenting the Study Background

As you begin introducing your background, you first need to provide a general overview and include the main issues concerning the topic. Depending on whether you do “basic” (with the aim of providing further knowledge) or “applied” research (to establish new techniques, processes, or products), this is either a literature review that summarizes all relevant earlier studies in the field or a description of the process (e.g., vote counting) or practice (e.g., diagnosis of a specific disease) that you think is problematic or lacking and needs a solution.

Example s of a general overview

If you study the function of a Drosophila gene, for example, you can explain to the reader why and for whom the study of fly genetics is relevant, what is already known and established, and where you see gaps in the existing literature. If you investigated how the way universities have transitioned into online teaching since the beginning of the Covid-19 pandemic has affected students’ learning progress, then you need to present a summary of what changes have happened around the world, what the effects of those changes have been so far, and where you see problems that need to be addressed. Note that you need to provide sources for every statement and every claim you make here, to establish a solid foundation of knowledge for your own study. 

Describing the current state of knowledge

When the reader understands the main issue(s), you need to fill them in more specifically on the current state of the field (in basic research) or the process/practice/product use you describe (in practical/applied research). Cite all relevant studies that have already reported on the Drosophila gene you are interested in, have failed to reveal certain functions of it, or have suggested that it might be involved in more processes than we know so far. Or list the reports from the education ministries of the countries you are interested in and highlight the data that shows the need for research into the effects of the Corona-19 pandemic on teaching and learning.

Discussing controversies, claims, and assumptions

Are there controversies regarding your topic of interest that need to be mentioned and/or addressed? For example, if your research topic involves an issue that is politically hot, you can acknowledge this here. Have any earlier claims or assumptions been made, by other researchers, institutions, or politicians, that you think need to be clarified?

Mentioning methodologies and approaches

While putting together these details, you also need to mention methodologies : What methods/techniques have been used so far to study what you studied and why are you going to either use the same or a different approach? Are any of the methods included in the literature review flawed in such a way that your study takes specific measures to correct or update? While you shouldn’t spend too much time here justifying your methods (this can be summarized briefly in the rationale of the study at the end of the Introduction and later in the Discussion section), you can engage with the crucial methods applied in previous studies here first.

When you have established the background of the study of your research paper in such a logical way, then the reader should have had no problem following you from the more general information you introduced first to the specific details you added later. You can now easily lead over to the relevance of your research, explain how your work fits into the bigger picture, and specify the aims and objectives of your study. This latter part is usually considered the “ statement of the problem ” of your study. Without a solid research paper background, this statement will come out of nowhere for the reader and very probably raise more questions than you were planning to answer.   

Where does the study background section go in a paper?

Unless you write a research proposal or some kind of report that has a specific “Background” chapter, the background of your study is the first part of your introduction section . This is where you put your work in context and provide all the relevant information the reader needs to follow your rationale. Make sure your background has a logical structure and naturally leads into the statement of the problem at the very end of the introduction so that you bring everything together for the reader to judge the relevance of your work and the validity of your approach before they dig deeper into the details of your study in the methods section .

Consider Receiving Professional Editing Services

Now that you know how to write a background section for a research paper, you might be interested in our AI Text Editor at Wordvice AI. And be sure to receive professional editing services , including academic editing and proofreading , before submitting your manuscript to journals. On the Wordvice academic resources website, you can also find many more articles and other resources that can help you with writing the other parts of your research paper , with making a research paper outline before you put everything together, or with writing an effective cover letter once you are ready to submit.

What Is the Study’s Historical Context?

The distinction between the introduction and the background, what significance does the study’s background have, how should a research paper include the study’s background, how can errors in the research study’s background be prevented, how to write an effective background of the study: a comprehensive guide.

A research paper's background provides a clear context, emphasizing the significance of the study and the issue it seeks to solve.

This fundamental section is crucial for you as a researcher to map out the direction of your study. It also helps readers comprehend the significance and trajectory of your research.

Effective communication of the research's substance is facilitated by a well-articulated background, whether it be to the general public or academic groups.

Despite its seeming simplicity, creating a background that works demands a balance of relevancy, accuracy, and clarity. As such, the purpose of this article is to serve as your guide by providing insights into:

• Comprehending the notion of the study's background.
• Discovering effective techniques for creating a captivating backstory.
• Recognizing and avoiding typical traps when writing the background.
• Examining real-world instances that illustrate the theory.
• Improving your ability to read and write academic papers.

With these thought-provoking realizations in mind, let us examine the definition, differences, and craft of drafting the study's empirical backdrop in more detail.

A research paper's introduction should include the study's background. It gives the background, current situation, and historical development of the research problem or topic under investigation.

It gives readers an overview of what is already known about the subject and the motivations behind your current investigation.

Think about the following inquiries as you create the background of your research.

• What is the background to your study?
• Which earlier studies are you going to cite?
• Does the currently available pertinent literature contain any knowledge gaps?
• How are you going to defend the necessity of your ongoing study?
• Have you addressed the problem or research question succinctly?

The introduction part comes next in a conventional research paper structure, following the background information. The introduction goes into greater detail on the particular goals of the study and frequently provides an overview of the paper's structure and key ideas.

Together, they provide a coherent introduction that guarantees readers will be prepared to comprehend the research paper's later sections.

Although they may appear similar at times and even overlap, the study's background and the research manuscript's introductory sections each have a different function in the overall research story.

A research paper's introduction and background should be written well since they have different functions.

This is a thorough table comparison of the two of them.

Principal objective:

• Background: explains the rationale behind the research and gives context for the study's necessity.
• Introduction: Indicates the research's objectives and significance while describing its broader scope.

Depth of data:

• Background: The research aims to address gaps or unresolved questions identified by a thorough examination of the existing literature.
• Introduction: It provides a high-level summary of the research topic without delving deeply into specifics.

Content emphasis:

• Background: Prior research, historical context, and the development of the research topic are highlighted.
• Introduction: The research field as a whole, possible ramifications, and a sneak peek at the research structure are highlighted.

Place in a study report:

• Background: Usually presents the context for the research right at the outset.
• The introduction guides readers into the main body of the research by following the background information.
• Background: Detailed and analytical, outlining the subject and its importance.
• Introduction: Preparing readers for the breadth and direction of the study's focus, the writing is broad and predictive.

You must give your readers an overview of the context surrounding your research. In the absence of this, readers might find themselves wondering things like: Why was this particular research topic chosen? What factors influenced this choice? What makes this study pertinent? Is it time well spent?

These doubts may prevent them from participating completely in your research, which could result in the rejection of your study. This may also lessen its influence within the academic community and lessen its ability to influence policy or be applied in the real world.

In research papers, the background section is essential for providing clarity and addressing these issues.

The background of the study in research is important as it:

• Gives background: It helps readers understand how the current research fits into the larger picture by providing them with a clear picture of what is already known.
• Emphasizes relevance: The explanation of the research's motivations serves to highlight the importance of the study and its possible consequences.
• Directs the narrative: The background ensures a logical progression from what is known to what the research aims to uncover by shaping the paper's narrative flow.
• Boosts engagement: A compelling backdrop draws the reader in and motivates them to read the research paper more closely.
• Enhances comprehension: By laying out the background, it helps readers understand the goals, techniques, and conclusions of the research.

Researching the topic thoroughly is the first step in crafting a strong case. The reader's attention may be captured or diverted by this section.

In addition to giving context, a well-written background also establishes the overall tone of the research paper. It serves as a link between a wide subject and a narrow research question, illuminating the reasoning behind the investigation for readers.

But how can the study's background be written in a way that is engaging, informative, and resonates?

In this article, we will go over how to create a compelling background study that will make your work stand out and get the recognition it merits.

Determine the research issue

The first step is to begin identifying the precise problem or gap that needs to be filled. This ought to be a serious issue that pertains to your line of work.

A problem that is clearly defined is important, pertinent, and unique to your field. It should strike a chord with readers and experts alike.

Give some background

Here, you must present a more comprehensive viewpoint by demonstrating how your study fits into or adds to the larger context or field of study. A thorough context is relatable, provides a variety of viewpoints, and is based in facts.

You should tell a narrative that links important ideas from the past, present, and possible future research in addition to providing facts. For instance, consider the following approach.

• Give a succinct overview of the topic's history, emphasizing significant turning points or milestones that have influenced the current state of affairs.
• Talk about recent advancements or prevailing patterns that offer pertinent data concerning your research issue. This could involve modifications to laws or policies, improvements in technology, or changes in public opinion.
• Draw attention to the opinions of various stakeholders. This could entail talking about the viewpoints of farmers, environmentalists, policymakers, and consumers when it comes to a subject like sustainable agriculture.
• Compare and contrast local conditions and circumstances with global trends, if applicable. This may provide readers with a more comprehensive grasp of the subject.

Review of the literature

You will delve deeply into the body of knowledge already available on the subject for this step. This is the area where you investigate what has previously been found or discussed about your subject by academics, researchers, and experts.

A comprehensive literature review is more than just a rehash of earlier research. Analyzing the procedures, findings, and nuances of earlier research projects is crucial to enhancing its effectiveness and proving a full engagement with the corpus of existing knowledge.

• Examine previous research studies' methodologies, conclusions, and limitations rather than just listing them. Draw attention to both ground-breaking research and studies with divergent findings.
• Look for patterns. Look for trends or reoccurring themes in the literature. Are there disputed points or common conclusions?
• Connecting the dots would be the next step. Describe the relationships between various research findings. This can aid in comprehending how ideas have developed around the subject.

You can more effectively draw attention to the research study's background by highlighting what is already known.

Draw attention to the research void

This step entails determining which areas of the body of existing literature remain unexplored or unanswered. Your research seeks to address these gaps, providing new insights or answers.

A glaring research gap indicates that you have read the literature carefully and have identified a topic that requires more investigation.

How can the research gap be effectively highlighted?

• Locate the areas that are being neglected. Indicate which subjects or perspectives have not received enough attention.
• Emphasize the questions that have come up as a result of recent events or shifting conditions.
• Determine which domains have not yet been investigated but may benefit from knowledge from other fields.

Describe your goals

Here, it is crucial to lay out your research strategy. What are your research goals? A precise, doable goal that is closely related to the research gap must be mentioned.

How should you articulate your goals?

• Enumerate the main inquiries that direct your investigation.
• If any, list any theories or forecasts you hope to verify.
• Indicate your goals, if they are new discoveries, approaches, or strategies.

Talk about the importance

This stage explains your "why." Why is the research you have done important? What are the wider ramifications of this?

The importance of "why" should be practical (having real-world ramifications) as well as theoretical (adding to the body of existing literature).

How do we talk about the significance in an effective way?

• Talk about the ways in which your study advances the corpus of knowledge.
• Emphasize how your research could be used in practical settings, such as changing laws or improving on-the-ground procedures.
• Describe how your findings may lead to new directions in research or study designs.

Recap the main points you made

A succinct synopsis serves as a link, guiding readers from the introduction to the paper's body with ease. This step serves as a quick review to make sure readers understand the essential ideas.

How would you sum up your research?

• Go over the main points that were covered, including the significance of the research problem.
• Make sure the reader is aware of the direction of the research and is ready for the sections that follow.

Give examples to help people understand

Do some research and use hypothetical or real-world examples to help explain difficult ideas or show how your research can be used in real-world situations. Relevant examples help with comprehension by giving abstract concepts a concrete form.

How can I effectively illustrate the study's background with an example?

• Explain concepts using historical occurrences or scenarios.
• Create hypothetical situations to illustrate the significance of your discoveries.
• Make difficult concepts more approachable by simplifying them with comparisons.

Achieving a compelling research background involves finding the ideal balance between presenting the crucial background information, demonstrating your thorough comprehension of the body of existing literature, and emphasizing the original significance of your study.

It is important to remember your readers when writing the study's background. Each fact, example, and goal should be aimed at assisting them in comprehending and appreciating the work you have done.

These are some potential research pitfalls that you should be aware of in order to write a well-crafted background of the study.

• Refrain from being unclear. Always assume that the reader may not be familiar with all the finer points of your subject.
• Do not talk about unrelated topics.Do not stray from topics that are directly related to your research issue.
• Make sure your background is structured properly. Logically organized information makes it easier for readers to follow.
• While background information is essential, try not to bore the reader with too many details that are not necessarily related to your research question.
• Make sure the most important and pertinent studies in your field have been covered. It can appear as though your background is lacking if you ignore important literary works.
• Aim to present the facts in a balanced manner; do not express overt bias or offer just one side of an issue.
• Even though academic papers frequently use specialized terminology, make sure they are sufficiently explained or, if not, use more straightforward substitutes.
• All assertions and data extracted from extant literature must be properly referenced. If this is not done, plagiarism concerns may arise.
• Do not make the backdrop too long. Although thoroughness is valued, the reader's attention should not be sacrificed for it. Perhaps limit it to one or two paragraphs.
• It is critical to make sure that the research in your literature review section is current, especially in fields that are changing quickly.

As we've seen, producing a backdrop of the subject in research involves accuracy, clarity, and a deep comprehension of the particulars of your issue as well as the larger context.

The narrative of your research is shaped by every step you take, which includes defining the research topic, setting the scene, analyzing the body of prior research, emphasizing research gaps, and outlining objectives. Even though there are recommended practices to adhere to, it's just as important to know what traps not to fall into.

It is imperative that you write or refine the backdrop of your study in order to captivate readers, acquaint them with the setting of the research, and lay the foundation for the revelations that your project will provide.

You're now in a great position to create a background of the study that not only informs but also engages and resonates with your readers by drawing on all the pertinent information, ideas, and advice that have been given.

After you have a clear idea of the goals of the study's backdrop, it makes sense to move on to the next important step, which is to produce a strong research paper beginning.

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Jun 28, 2024

The background of the study is a crucial section in any research paper. It sets the stage for the research by providing context, explaining the significance, and highlighting the gaps that the study aims to fill. Crafting an effective background section can make a significant difference in how your research is perceived and understood.

This article will provide three essential tips for writing a compelling background of the study: establishing the context, identifying the research gap, and justifying the significance of your study.

Tip 1: Establish the Context

Establishing the context is the first step in writing the background of a study. This involves providing a broad overview of the research topic, discussing relevant theories and concepts, and highlighting key studies in the field.

Provide a Broad Overview of the Research Topic

Begin the background by defining the research topic. This broad overview helps readers understand what your  study is about and why it is important. Explain the central theme of your research, including the main issues or problems that led to the research. For instance, if your research topic involves an issue in public health, describe the current state of public health, including any prevailing trends, statistics, or significant changes that have occurred over time.

Discuss Relevant Theories and Concepts

Once you have set the stage with a broad overview, delve into the relevant theories and concepts in the literature review section. This section of a research paper should provide a theoretical framework that underpins your study. Discuss major theories that are relevant to your research topic and explain how they relate to your specific research problem or question, providing a solid theoretical base for your study background.

This helps to anchor your research within a specific theoretical context, providing a foundation upon which your study in a research paper is built, serving as critical background information.

Highlight Key Studies in the Field

Highlighting key studies is essential for situating your research within the existing body of knowledge. Conduct a literature review to identify significant studies that have been conducted on your research topic. Summarize these studies, focusing on their findings and contributions to the field to enrich the literature review section of your research project.

This not only demonstrates your understanding of the existing research but also helps to identify the gaps that your study aims to address, providing a strong background information context.

Tip 2: Identify the Research Gap

Identifying the research gap is a critical component of the background of the study. It involves analyzing existing literature critically, pointing out research limitations or unanswered questions in current research, and explaining how your study addresses these gaps.

Analyze Existing Literature Critically

To identify the research gap, you need to analyze the existing literature critically. This involves more than just summarizing previous research; it requires a thorough examination of the strengths and weaknesses of existing studies in the context of your research objectives. Evaluate the methodologies used, the scope of the studies, and the robustness of their findings.

This critical analysis will help you to pinpoint areas where further research is needed, thus setting clear research objectives.

Point Out Limitations or Unanswered Questions

Based on your analysis of the literature, identify the limitations or unanswered questions in current research. These could be methodological limitations, gaps in the data, or areas where existing studies have conflicting results.

Highlight these gaps clearly, as they form the basis for your specific research problem or question. For example, if previous research has not adequately addressed a specific aspect of your research topic, point this out and explain why it is important to investigate further with a particular research question in mind.

Explain How Your Study Addresses These Gaps

After identifying the research gap, explain how your study aims to address it. Describe the unique approach or methodology that your study employs to fill these gaps, which are often detailed in the literature review section and background information. This section should clearly outline the objectives of your research and how they align with addressing the identified gaps.

By doing so, you demonstrate the relevance and importance of your study in advancing the field, which is essential when you write a background.

Tip 3: Justify the Significance of Your Study

Justifying the significance of your study is the final tip for writing an effective background section. This involves explaining the potential impact of your research, connecting your study to real-world applications or problems, and emphasizing the novelty or unique approach of your study mentioned in the introduction section.

Explain the Potential Impact of Your Research

Begin by explaining the potential impact of your research on the background of your study, setting the stage for your research aims. This involves discussing the broader implications of your study and how it contributes to the field of study.

Describe how your findings could influence future research, policy-making, or practice. For instance, if your research addresses a significant public health issue, explain how your findings could inform public health policies or interventions.

Connect Your Study to Real-World Applications or Problems

Next, connect your study to real-world applications or problems. This helps to demonstrate the practical relevance of your research, a crucial aspect when you write a research paper to show its significance. Describe specific examples of how your research could be applied in real-world scenarios, illustrating the practical implications in the study background information section.

For instance, if your study involves developing a new technology, explain how this technology could be used in industry or by consumers.

This connection to real-world applications makes your research more tangible and relevant to a broader audience, demonstrating the potential impact of your research study. When you write a research paper, highlighting these connections can be crucial.

Emphasize the Novelty or Unique Approach of Your Study

Finally, emphasize the novelty or unique approach of your study, which is a key element in the introduction section. Highlight what makes your research different from previous studies and why this is important to understand the research in the context of your research aims. This could involve a novel methodology, a new theoretical perspective, or a unique combination of variables, all contributing to a well-defined research study.

By emphasizing the uniqueness of your study, you underscore its contribution to the field and its potential to advance knowledge, specifically addressing a particular research question. This understanding is essential when learning how to write a research study.

In conclusion, writing an effective background for the study is crucial for setting the stage for your research paper. By following these three tips—establishing the context, identifying the research gap, and justifying the significance of your study—you can craft a compelling background section that clearly articulates the importance and relevance of your research.

A well-written background not only provides context and justification for your study but also engages your readers and sets the stage for the rest of your research paper.

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How to write the background of the study for a research proposal?

The background of the study is an important part of the research proposal or the thesis dissertation.

To write the background of the study you first must give context to the study/research. Secondly, you should describe the current situation in that specific context. The current situation should lead the reader to gaps that you found. While you describe the situation and the gaps, make sure to cite published research on the topic you are doing research on. At this stage, you should use journal and conference papers published in the last five years. The closer to the current date the better.

The gaps you identify will set up the foundations for the next section of your proposal: the problem statement. You can read more about how to write the problem statement here .

Table of Contents

Example of background of the study, background of study vs. literature review.

This example is from a Master’s Thesis dissertation.

“Computer network technologies have grown speedily in the last decade, and they are susceptible to numerous intrusions (Lotfallahtabrizi & Morgan, 2018). Network intrusion is the act of gaining unauthorised access to a system, with the aim of compromising the system’s security to steal or modify the information found on the system and compromise the availability, integrity and confidentiality of information on a system. Computer systems are exposed to security vulnerabilities and therefore the role of Intrusion Detection Systems (IDSs) has become important as they ensure network and information security (Yin, Zhu, Fei, & He, 2017), by detecting malicious activities on a network (Ponkarthika & Saraswathy, 2018b).

Recently, machine learning methodologies have been widely used for developing IDSs, with Deep Learning as a new trend for building IDSs (Ponkarthika & Saraswathy, 2018; Prajyot & Kalavadekar, 2018; Tang, Mhamdi, McLernon, Zaidi, & Ghogho, 2018; Yin et al., 2017). According to Elsherif (2018), an IDS can be built using a Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) which is a Deep Learning approach. A Recurrent Neural Network-Intrusion Detection System (RNN-IDS) is able to identify seen and unseen threats, as it has a strong modelling ability, provides a highly accurate detection rate, and low false-positive rate, especially when using NSL-KDD dataset (Elsherif, 2018). However, RNN-IDS tend to be biased, as dataset from real-world production networks is mostly not used (Elsherif, 2018) during the training process. Mostly only benchmark datasets are used to train IDSs and the benchmark datasets are not good representatives of real-world traffic (Bhuyan, Bhattacharyya, & Kalita, 2015). This increases the need to use datasets from real-world networks when developing RNN-IDSs, for them not to be biased in the real-world environment in which they will operate. ” (Aludhilu H.N.; An intrusion detection system using a recurrent neural network with a real-world dataset. 2019.)

As you can see, the author first states the context in which the research is taking place. Next, she described the current situation in that context: researchers are using machine learning, among the techniques is the use of Recurrent Neural Networks. Lastly, she stated the gap: ” This increases the need to use datasets from real-world networks when developing RNN-IDSs, for them not to be biased in the real-world environment in which they will operate”.

Whit this background, the researcher is ready to state the problem statement that will be solved with the research.

Sometimes students mistakenly confuse the background of the study with the literature review. Also, in some documents I reviewed I find the same text in the background and the literature review.

This is a common mistake and should avoid it.

In the background of the study, you give context to your research and state de gaps.

On the other hand, in the literature review, you write about how other researchers try to solve (or solved) the problem you stated.

As you can see, in the background you don’t state the problem, you just state the gap.

After you write the problem you are planning to solve, then you write the literature review. This section (a chapter if you are writing the dissertation) is all about other solutions related to the same problem you want to solve.

When you write the background of the study for your research proposal you must:

• Clearly give context to your research.
• Show the gap between what is already published and what is desirable.
• Use up-to-date references to give context and state the gap, preferably from the last 5 years and from journal or conferences papers.

Related posts

• How to write a problem statement for a research proposal?
• How to write research objectives for a research proposal?
• How to write a literature review?
• References in a research document
• How to write your research proposal?

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